Narcissus (plant) - Wikipedia. N. poeticus. Thomé: Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz (1.

Longitudinal section, 2. Anthers, 3. Stigma, 4. Cross section of ovary. From centre outwards: Trilocular ovary, 6 stamens, corona, perianth.

Floral formula. Br ✶ ☿ P3+3+Corona. A3+3. G(3)Bracteate, Actinomorphic, Bisexual. Perianth: 6 tepals in 2 whorls of 3.

Stamens: 2 whorls of 3. Ovary: Superior - 3 fused carpels. Narcissus is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family.

Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1]daffadowndilly,[3]narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal- like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet- shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (also orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona. Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1.

Narcissus / n ɑːr ˈ s ɪ s ə s / is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get. A Martian Odyssey, by Stanley G. Weinbaum, free ebook. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.

The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 5. The number of species has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word "daffodil" appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared. The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century.

Narcissi tend to be long- lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect- pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism. Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 1. Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as cut flowers and as ornamental plants in private and public gardens. Watch Beneath Online Hulu.

The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Watch Four More Years 4Shared.

Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places. Description[edit]Narcissus floral morphology. Solitary Narcissus flower, prior to opening, emerging from spathe.

N. triandrus, showing pendent orientation and reflexed tepals. Narcissus flower, showing erect orientation. Close- up of stamen filaments and anthers, with stigma. Gynoecium and fruit.

Cross section of ovary. General[edit]Narcissus is a genus of perennialherbaceousbulbiferousgeophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown- skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5–8. Watch Hand 2 Hand Online Flashx. Dwarf species such as N.

Narcissus tazetta may grow as tall as 8. The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape).

Several green or blue- green, narrow, strap- shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The plant stem usually bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or rarely green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular).

The fruit consists of a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds. The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile roots that pull it down further into the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season.

Most species are dormant from summer to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are autumn flowering. Specific[edit]Vegetative[edit]Bulbs The pale brown- skinned ovoidtunicatebulbs have a membranous tunic and a corky stem (base or basal) plate from which arise the adventitiousroot hairs in a ring around the edge, which grow up to 4. Above the stem plate is the storage organ consisting of bulb scales, surrounding the previous flower stalk and the terminal bud. The scales are of two types, true storage organs and the bases of the foliage leaves.

These have a thicker tip and a scar from where the leaf lamina became detached. The innermost leaf scale is semicircular only partly enveloping the flower stalk (semisheathed).(see Hanks Fig 1. The bulb may contain a number of branched bulb units, each with two to three true scales and two to three leaf bases. Each bulb unit has a life of about four years.

Once the leaves die back in summer, the roots also wither. After some years, the roots shorten pulling the bulbs deeper into the ground (contractile roots). The bulbs develop from the inside, pushing the older layers outwards which become brown and dry, forming an outer shell, the tunic or skin. Up to 6. 0 layers have been counted in some wild species.

While the plant appears dormant above the ground the flower stalk which will start to grow in the following spring, develops within the bulb surrounded by two to three deciduous leaves and their sheaths. The flower stem lies in the axil of the second true leaf. Stems The single leafless stem or scape, appearing from early to late spring depending on the species, bears from 1 to 2. Stem shape depends on the species, some are highly compressed with a visible seam, while others are rounded. The stems are upright and located at the centre of the leaves.

In a few species such as h. N. hedraeanthus the stem is oblique (asymmetrical). The stem is hollow in the upper portion but towards the bulb is more solid and filled with a spongy material. Leaves Narcissus plants have one to several basal leaves which are linear, ligulate or strap shaped (long and narrow), sometimes channelledadaxially to semiterete, and may (pedicellate) or may not (sessile) have a petiole stalk. The leaves are flat and broad to cylindrical at the base and arise from the bulb.

The emerging plant generally has two leaves, but the mature plant usually three, rarely four, and they are covered with a cutin containing cuticle, giving them a waxy appearance. Leaf colour is light green to blue- green. In the mature plant the leaves extend higher than the flower stem, but in some species the leaves are low hanging. The leaf base is encased in a colourless sheath. After flowering the leaves turn yellow and die back once the seed pod (fruit) is ripe.